The Effect of Nurse-Led Fall Prevention Programs on Elderly Patients at General Hospital, Kano
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Background of the Study
Falls are a major health concern among elderly individuals, often resulting in serious injuries, hospitalizations, disability, and even death (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024). According to recent studies, falls among older adults are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, with higher rates in low-resource settings like Nigeria due to environmental hazards, poor healthcare access, and lack of preventive strategies (Okonkwo & Adeyemi, 2023).
Nurse-led fall prevention programs have gained attention as effective interventions to reduce fall-related injuries among elderly patients (Aliyu et al., 2024). These programs focus on patient education, environmental modifications, strength and balance training, and medication reviews to mitigate fall risks (Olawale et al., 2024). At General Hospital, Kano, where a significant number of elderly patients are treated for fall-related injuries, nurses play a crucial role in implementing preventive measures and promoting safer mobility practices.
Despite the potential benefits of nurse-led fall prevention programs, there is limited empirical evidence on their effectiveness in Nigerian healthcare settings. Previous studies suggest that structured fall prevention initiatives can significantly reduce falls, improve mobility, and enhance overall health outcomes in elderly populations (Eze & Okeke, 2024). However, barriers such as inadequate resources, poor patient adherence, and lack of specialized geriatric training among nurses may limit program success (Adebayo et al., 2023). This study seeks to evaluate the effect of nurse-led fall prevention programs on elderly patients at General Hospital, Kano, assessing their impact on fall rates, patient safety, and overall well-being.
Statement of the Problem
Falls among elderly patients remain a persistent problem in Nigerian healthcare facilities, leading to increased morbidity, longer hospital stays, and reduced QoL (Okoye et al., 2024). Despite efforts to prevent falls, many hospitals, including General Hospital, Kano, lack structured fall prevention programs, resulting in avoidable injuries and complications (Bello & Yusuf, 2023).
Nurses are well-positioned to lead fall prevention efforts; however, challenges such as limited staff training, inadequate hospital infrastructure, and patient non-compliance hinder the effectiveness of these programs (Umar & Salisu, 2024). There is a need for an evidence-based assessment of nurse-led fall prevention programs to determine their effectiveness and identify areas for improvement.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the effectiveness of nurse-led fall prevention programs on fall reduction among elderly patients at General Hospital, Kano.
- To identify challenges faced by nurses in implementing fall prevention strategies.
- To evaluate the impact of fall prevention programs on elderly patients’ mobility and overall well-being.
Research Questions
- How effective are nurse-led fall prevention programs in reducing falls among elderly patients at General Hospital, Kano?
- What challenges do nurses face in implementing fall prevention programs?
- How do fall prevention programs impact elderly patients’ mobility and quality of life?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurse-led fall prevention programs significantly reduce fall rates among elderly patients at General Hospital, Kano.
- Challenges such as limited resources and patient non-compliance negatively affect the implementation of fall prevention programs.
- Fall prevention programs improve elderly patients’ mobility and overall well-being.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on elderly patients at General Hospital, Kano, and nurses involved in fall prevention efforts. Limitations may include differences in patient fall risk factors, variations in program implementation, and challenges in data collection due to self-reported incidents.
Definitions of Terms
- Fall Prevention Program: A structured healthcare initiative aimed at reducing falls among at-risk populations, particularly the elderly.
- Mobility: The ability of an individual to move independently and safely.
- Elderly Patients: Individuals aged 60 years and above who are at risk of falls and related complications.
- Nurse-Led Intervention: A healthcare initiative designed and implemented by nurses to improve patient outcomes.
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